Present simpleवर्तमान
| I | speak |
|---|---|
| you | speak |
| he/she/it | speaks |
| we | speak |
| you | speak |
| they | speak |
इस पर और: Simple Present (सामान्य वर्तमान)
speak के क्रिया-रूप
- अर्थ बोलना
- स्तर A1
- पैटर्न अनियमित · इसी तरह रूप बदलता है break
इस क्रिया में क्या ख़ास है
- याद करने के लिए तीन मूल रूप: speak – spoke – spoken। → अनियमित क्रियाएँ
मोटे अक्षर और रेखांकित: अंत-प्रत्यय। ◆ उस रूप पर लगा है जो नियम से हटकर बनता है।
निश्चयार्थ
Past simpleपूरा हुआ भूतकाल
| I | spoke |
|---|---|
| you | spoke |
| he/she/it | spoke |
| we | spoke |
| you | spoke |
| they | spoke |
इस पर और: Simple Past (सामान्य भूतकाल)
Present perfectपूर्ण वर्तमान
| I | have spoken |
|---|---|
| you | have spoken |
| he/she/it | has spoken |
| we | have spoken |
| you | have spoken |
| they | have spoken |
इस पर और: Present Perfect (पूर्ण वर्तमान)
Past perfectपूर्ण भूत
| I | had spoken |
|---|---|
| you | had spoken |
| he/she/it | had spoken |
| we | had spoken |
| you | had spoken |
| they | had spoken |
इस पर और: Past Perfect (पूर्ण भूतकाल)
Future (will)भविष्य
| I | will speak |
|---|---|
| you | will speak |
| he/she/it | will speak |
| we | will speak |
| you | will speak |
| they | will speak |
इस पर और: will वाला भविष्य
Future perfectपूर्ण भविष्य
| I | will have spoken |
|---|---|
| you | will have spoken |
| he/she/it | will have spoken |
| we | will have spoken |
| you | will have spoken |
| they | will have spoken |
संकेतार्थ (कंडीशनल)
Conditional (would)संकेतार्थ
| I | would speak |
|---|---|
| you | would speak |
| he/she/it | would speak |
| we | would speak |
| you | would speak |
| they | would speak |
इस पर और: if-वाक्य, प्रकार 2
Conditional perfectभूतकाल का संकेतार्थ
| I | would have spoken |
|---|---|
| you | would have spoken |
| he/she/it | would have spoken |
| we | would have spoken |
| you | would have spoken |
| they | would have spoken |
सातत्य रूप
Present progressiveअपूर्ण वर्तमान
| I | am speaking |
|---|---|
| you | are speaking |
| he/she/it | is speaking |
| we | are speaking |
| you | are speaking |
| they | are speaking |
इस पर और: Present Progressive (अपूर्ण वर्तमान)
Past progressiveअपूर्ण भूत
| I | was speaking |
|---|---|
| you | were speaking |
| he/she/it | was speaking |
| we | were speaking |
| you | were speaking |
| they | were speaking |
इस पर और: Past Progressive (अपूर्ण भूतकाल)
Present perfect progressiveपूर्ण सातत्य वर्तमान
| I | have been speaking |
|---|---|
| you | have been speaking |
| he/she/it | has been speaking |
| we | have been speaking |
| you | have been speaking |
| they | have been speaking |
इस पर और: Present Perfect Progressive
Past perfect progressiveपूर्ण सातत्य भूत
| I | had been speaking |
|---|---|
| you | had been speaking |
| he/she/it | had been speaking |
| we | had been speaking |
| you | had been speaking |
| they | had been speaking |
Future progressiveअपूर्ण भविष्य
| I | will be speaking |
|---|---|
| you | will be speaking |
| he/she/it | will be speaking |
| we | will be speaking |
| you | will be speaking |
| they | will be speaking |
आज्ञार्थ
Imperativeआज्ञा, हाँ में
| you | speak |
|---|---|
| we | let's speak |
इस पर और: आदेश वाला रूप
अकालिक रूप
Infinitive and participlesमूल रूप, गेरुंड, कृदंत
| infinitive | speak |
|---|---|
| to-infinitive | to speak |
| -ing form | speaking |
| past participle | spoken |
इस पर और: अनियमित क्रियाएँ · -ing वाली क्रियाएँ
कोर्स से उदाहरण वाक्य
हर वाक्य इस कोर्स की शब्द-सूचियों या व्याकरण के विषयों से है। क्रिया का रूप चिह्नित है; नीचे लिखा है कि वह कौन-सा काल और पुरुष है।
Do you speak German?क्या आप जर्मन बोलते हैं?
speak — Present simple · I; Present simple · you
She also speaks Italian.वह इतालवी भी बोलती है।
speaks — Present simple · he/she/it
The first version was spoken at the roadside.पहली बात सड़क किनारे खड़े होकर कही गई थी।
spoken — past participle
We spoke for an hour.हमने एक घंटे बात की।
spoke — Past simple · I; Past simple · you
She is speaking on the phone.वह फ़ोन पर बात कर रही है।
speaking — -ing form · Simple Present या Present Progressive?
Please speak slowly.कृपया धीरे बोलिए।
speak — Present simple · I; Present simple · you
और उदाहरण वाक्य
My grandmother speaks Marathi and a little Kannada.मेरी दादी मराठी और थोड़ी-सी कन्नड़ बोलती हैं।
Could I speak to the branch manager, please?क्या मैं ब्रांच मैनेजर से बात कर सकता हूँ?
He spoke so softly that nobody heard him.वह इतने धीरे बोला कि किसी ने सुना ही नहीं।
हिंदी बोलने वालों की आम ग़लतियाँ
ग़लत Please speak to him that I will be late.
सही Please tell him that I will be late.
"उससे बोलो कि मैं लेट हो जाऊँगा" में बोलना बताने का काम करता है। अंग्रेज़ी में किसी तक कोई बात पहुँचाना tell है; speak के बाद that वाला वाक्य नहीं आता।
ग़लत Don't believe him, he often speaks lies.
सही Don't believe him, he often tells lies.
"झूठ बोलना" का बोलना speak बन जाता है। अंग्रेज़ी में झूठ और सच दोनों tell किए जाते हैं: tell lies, tell the truth।
आम शब्द-जोड़
- speak out against something — किसी बात के ख़िलाफ़ खुलकर आवाज़ उठाना
- speak your mind — मन की बात साफ़-साफ़ कहना
- generally speaking — आमतौर पर कहें तो
- speak highly of someone — किसी की ख़ूब तारीफ़ करना
मिलती-जुलती क्रियाएँ
झटपट अभ्यास
5 ख़ाली जगहें, पहले ऊपर के उदाहरण वाक्यों से, फिर तालिका से। हर उत्तर आपके दोहराव में गिना जाता है।
आगे सीखिए
इसी पैटर्न वाली क्रियाएँ
जुड़े हुए व्याकरण विषय
ये रूप भाषा के नियमों से गणना करके बनाए गए हैं — दो बार, दो अलग-अलग तरीक़ों से — और इस कोर्स में हाथ से लिखे हर रूप से मिलाए गए हैं। उदाहरण वाक्य कोर्स के अपने वाक्य हैं।